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Al-Hajj Salim Suwari
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Al-Hajj Salim Suwari : ウィキペディア英語版
Al-Hajj Salim Suwari
Sheikh Al-Hajj Salim Suwari was a late 15th-century West African Soninke ''karamogo'' (Islamic scholar) who focused on the responsibilities of Muslims minorities residing in a non-Muslim society. He formulated an important theological rationale for peaceful coexistence with the non-Muslim ruling classes called the Suwarian tradition, which survives to this day despite the pressures of modernism.
==Background==
The spread of Islam throughout West Africa was a concomitant of long-distance trade by Mande-speaking Muslim traders and craftsmen known as ''Dyula''. Since Muslims in these regions lived in the ''dar al-kufr'' (House of Unbelievers), they needed legitimization for trading with unbelievers – an activity viewed with disdain by some North African Muslim jurists. Sheikh Al-Hajj Salim Suwari focused on providing a solution to this and other related issues. Hailing from the Sahelian town of Ja (Dia) in the core Mali area, Al-Hajj Salim Suwari had performed the pilgrimage (''hajj'') to Mecca several times and devoted his intellectual career to developing an understanding of the faith that would assist Muslim minorities in residing in "pagan" lands (''dar al-kufr'').

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